(Answer) (Category) OpenLDAP Faq-O-Matic : (Category) OpenLDAP Software FAQ : (Category) Common Errors : (Answer) ldap_bind: Protocol error
There error is generally occurs when the LDAP version requested by the client is not supported by the server.

The OpenLDAP Software 1.x server only accepts version 2 LDAP Bind requests. Note that 1.x server expects U-Mich LDAP, an LDAPv2 variant, to be used. This variant is sometimes referred to as LDAPv2+.

The OpenLDAP Software 2.x server, by default, only accepts version 3 LDAP Bind requests but can be configured to accept a version 2 LDAP Bind request. Note that the 2.x server expects LDAPv3 [RFC4510] to be used when the client requests version 3 and expects a limited LDAPv3 variant (basically, LDAPv3 syntax and semantics in an LDAPv2 PDUs) to be used when version 2 is expected. This variant is also sometimes referred to as LDAPv2+, but differs from the U-Mich LDAP variant in a number of ways.

Use of LDAPv3!

See also: (Xref) How to configure slapd(8) with LDAPv2 support (for legacy clients)?.
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