[Date Prev][Date Next]
[Chronological]
[Thread]
[Top]
Re: large write amplification
Hm, ANY change needs a btree-update.
Let have a item key=K, data=A.
Then overwrite A to B, so now key=K, data=B.
This is a simply "one byte" change, but a few db-pages need to be
cloned and updated:
- a page, which contains the data=B and records around.
- a page in b-tree, that holds a pointer/reference to a page, which
contains data=B and records around.
- all "leaf-to-root path in btree" pages, related to a new page in
btree, that holds a pointer/reference to a page, which contains data=B
and records around.
- ...
- a new root-pages of mainDB and freeDB.
- a point to "new root" in meta-page, that lay in the house that Jack built ;)
So, by design LMDB is optimized for highload reading, but not for writes.
Leonid.
2015-05-05 10:26 GMT+03:00 Shu, Xinxin <xinxin.shu@intel.com>:
> Hi leonid,
>
> Thanks for your reply, I observed another scenario , I also tested "overwrite mode", I slightly modify source code to change default behavior (set dbflags_ = SYNC, flush data to disk once transaction is committed ), also collected iostat , the overwrite IOPS is ~ 521 ops/sec , but iostat show that w/s is ~ 4666, the write amplification is ~9, to my understanding, overwriting exist value does not adjust btree, why write amplification is so large, could you help explain ? thanks
>
> Cheers,
> xinxin
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Леонид Юрьев [mailto:leo@yuriev.ru]
> Sent: Monday, May 04, 2015 6:59 PM
> To: Shu, Xinxin
> Cc: openldap-technical@openldap.org
> Subject: Re: large write amplification
>
> Hi, Xinxin.
>
> I will try to answer briefly, without a details:
>
> - To allow readers be never blocked by a writer, LMDB provides a snapshot of data, indexes and directory for each completed transaction.
>
> - Most of a db-pages (which is not changed by a particular
> transaction) are "shared" between such snapshots. But any changes of data itself and reflection to btree-indexes (include a particular table, free-db, main-db and so forth) require a new pages to be used and written to the disk.
>
> - In a large db a small "one-byte" change may make "dirty" a lot of db-pages (usualy 4K each). For example, one add/del/mod operation in LDAP-db with size of few GB, requires about 50-100 page-level IOPS.
>
> Leonid.
>
> P.S.
> For highload uses-cases I made a few changes in our fork of OpenLDAP/LMDB.
> A one of these features we called "LIFO reclaiming".
> It give us 10-50 times performance boost, especially by engaging benefits of write-back cache of storage subsystem.
> Nowadays we used it in our production (telco) environment.
> But currently ones is not safe for all cases, see
> https://github.com/ReOpen/ReOpenLDAP/issues/2 and https://github.com/ReOpen/ReOpenLDAP/issues/1.
>
> 2015-05-04 5:31 GMT+03:00 Shu, Xinxin <xinxin.shu@intel.com>:
>> Hi list,
>>
>> Recently I run micro tests on LMDB on DC3700 (200GB), I use bench code
>> https://github.com/hyc/leveldb/tree/benches , I tested fillrandsync mode and collected iostat data, found that write amplification is large For fillrandsync case:
>>
>> IOPS : 1020 ops/sec
>>
>> Iostat data shows that w/s on that SSD is 8093, and avgqu-sz is ~ 1,
>> await time is about 0.16 ms, so the write amplification is ~8, which
>> is large to me, can someone help explain why write amplification is so
>> large? thanks
>>
>>
>> Cheers,
>> xinxin
>>
>>